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WHEAT

Called Triticum in Latin, wheat is an annual herbaceous plant species that has been bred all over the world. In the light of the studies done by different researchers, the gene center of wheat is considered to be Anatolia, Western Iran, and the Caucasus. The plant prefers terrestrial climate. Wheat is staple that is used in the manufacturing of flour and feed. Following its harvest, hay bales are obtained as a byproduct.
According to USDA’s production projections for the crop year 2021/22, the total global grains production of 2.8 billion tons will consist of wheat by 28% and the total global grains exports of 464 million tons will consist of wheat exports by 41%. The wheat cultivation area’s 54.8% will be in India, Russia, EU, and the US during the period 2021/22 and these countries will provide the global wheat output by 65.1%. The world wheat cultivation area during the 2021/22 season is 224 million ha, while the global wheat output 789 million tons.

According to TÜİK (Turkish Statistical Institute) data, wheat cultivation area of Türkiye during 2020/21 production season constitutes 3.2% of the global cultivation area. This area represents 44% of the total grains cultivation area is Türkiye. 

As at the end of 2020/21 production season, Türkiye’s wheat cultivation area is 69.2 million da and the first 10 provinces that constitute 42% of this area are Konya, Şanlıurfa, Ankara, Diyarbakır, Yozgat, Sivas, Tekirdag, Çorum, Kayseri, and Mardin, respectively. Wheat production in Türkiye is forecast to be 19 million tons during the 2021/22 production season. The local wheat consumption in Türkiye amounts to 20 million tons as at 2019/20 season and 80% of this figure is consumed in the food industry, 11% in the feed industry, and 6% as seeds. According to TÜİK data, the self-sufficiency level varies by years and it was at 89% level during the 2019/20 production season.

 

  • https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/tepge/Belgeler/PDF%20Tarım%20Ürünleri%20Piyasaları/2021-Haziran%20Tarım%20Ürünleri%20Raporu/Buğday,%20Haziran-2021,%20Tarım%20Ürünleri%20Piyasa%20Raporu,%20TEPGE.pdf
  • https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buğday