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CORN

Corn is one of the most important grains of world. Besides its global consumption as a food and feed, corn is also used in the industries of starch, syrup, beer, industrial alcohol (ethanol), bioplastic, and whiskey. IGC forecasts that the global corn production during 2021/22 season will be at the level of 1,179 million tons.
The corn plant’s homeland is Mexico-Guatemala in the Central America and its has been produced as the main crop of this region for millennia. Archeological excavations have revealed that corn existed in the region before the mankind. Following the discovery of this continent, Christoph introduced corn to the Europe in 1493 and the plant was then taken to the Asia in the 15th century through North Africa and to the far eastern countries such as India and China. The plant arrived in our country through Egypt and it has become a plant with the highest yield rate under the appropriate ecological conditions.
Corn creates a higher amount of organic substance as it grows and it thus requires higher amounts of water. For a good yield, the corn plant needs to absorb nearly 500 liters of water from the soil throughout the cultivation period.

For a long term storage, the moisture ratio of corn grain must be reduced to 13%. Where this crop is stored with a higher moisture content, the grain’s normal respiration will increase temperature in the silo’s middle part. This, in turn, will heighten the air moisture and trigger the development of fungi. Molding is a self accelerating process. The toxin produced by fungi is called “aflatoxin”. The higher moisture, temperature, and broken grains in the stored crop will induce the mold growth. Therefore, the corn’s moisture rate must be reduced to the desired level by means of a drying process.

The corn cultivation area is estimated to be 800 decares in 2021/22 season, while the output thereof to be 7.9 million tons. The top three provinces in terms of the cultivation area are Şanlıurfa by 19.2%, Konya by 15%, and Adana by 10.1%.

 

 

  • https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/GKGM/Belgeler/Uretici_Bilgi_Kosesi/Dokumanlar/misir.pdf
  • https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/ttae/Sayfalar/Detay.aspx?SayfaId=89

  • http://tarsustb.tobb.org.tr/Portals/58/dokuman/2021%20MISIR%20RAPORU.pdf

  • https://www.istib.org.tr/resim/siteici/files/815_Dünya%20Mısır%20Durumu%20-%20Ağustos%202022.pdf